{"id":254,"date":"2022-06-22T16:50:43","date_gmt":"2022-06-22T16:50:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/securitybriefing.net\/?p=254"},"modified":"2022-06-22T16:50:43","modified_gmt":"2022-06-22T16:50:43","slug":"huong-dan-toan-dien-ve-pentest-mang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/securitybriefing.net\/vi\/moi-de-doa-mang\/huong-dan-toan-dien-ve-pentest-mang\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Pentest, hay ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng: ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a Pentesting v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf?<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Pentest c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea3 t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ec3 pentest m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh x\u00e1ch tay c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Ethernet v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u0129a CD ho\u1eb7c \u1ed5 USB Kali Linux. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n pentest m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u0129a CD ho\u1eb7c \u1ed5 USB Kali Linux tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0o m\u00e1y. Khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o Kali Linux t\u1eeb \u0111\u0129a CD tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c \u1ed5 USB.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp IP \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e1y tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn ra m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Ch\u1ea1y qu\u00e9t ARP c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. Ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng, nh\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c ch\u00fang. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 PCI DSS.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m Google hacking, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 dumpster dive. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ra \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c ch\u00fang c\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda.<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Sau khi thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin, b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u00f3. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t pentest, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00eau chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng.<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Sau khi pentest ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00eau chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c ch\u00fang. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, pentest th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh pentest l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Khai th\u00e1c.<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">B\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong pentest l\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng. K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Khi k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh pentest, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c m\u1ecdi l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">B\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u00e0 ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 Pentesting m\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Sau khi pentest ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00eau chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c ch\u00fang. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh. Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c ch\u00fang. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pentest hay ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang\u2026 <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/securitybriefing.net\/vi\/moi-de-doa-mang\/huong-dan-toan-dien-ve-pentest-mang\/\">Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecdc <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":255,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-254","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cyber-threats","category-security","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - 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